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Theoretical and methodological aspects of the functioning of the problem credit management system in banks
(Луцьк: ЛНТУ, 2022-08-25) Nikolaieva, Anzhela
The article examines the theoretical, legislative, normative and methodical foundations of the organization of the problem credit management system in domestic banks. The purpose of the study is to develop the fundamental principles of the functioning of the universal system of problem credit management in Ukrainian banks, which contains a comprehensive nature. The systematization of literary sources and approaches to solving this problem shows that until now there is no single approach to the definition of "problem loans" and their classification in the economic literature and official sources of international financial institutions, in addition, in the current realities of the domestic banking system functioning, there is a need for systematization, clarification and additions to the methods, tools and principles of problem credit management. The urgency of solving this scientific problem lies in the fact that the formed system of problem credit management is comprehensive and universal in nature and will allow domestic banks to increase the effectiveness of existing problem credit debt management systems. The study of the problem covered in the article is carried out in the following logical sequence: definition of the concept of "problem loans" based on the generalization and comparative analysis of approaches interpreted in official sources of international financial institutions and scientific publications of domestic scientists; analysis of the dynamics of the volume and share of non-performing loans in the portfolio of the banking system of Ukraine and identification of the reasons for such changes; development of a problem credit management system, which is comprehensive and universal in nature. The methodological toolkit of the research was a set of complementary methods: generalization and comparative analysis, analysis and synthesis, system analysis, logical generalization, etc. The object of the study is portfolios of problem loans of domestic banks, as well as a set of methods and tools for their management. The article presents the results of a systematic analysis and logical generalization, which serve as the basis for the formation of a system of managing problem loans in banks, which involves a combination of strategy, purpose, principles, stages, methods and tools of the bank's work with problem debt. The results of the study can be useful for domestic banks and are aimed at increasing the efficiency of the organization of work with problem loans in banking structures.
Strategy of the bank for reducing non-performing loans
(Луцьк: ЛНТУ, 2022-10-10) Nikolaieva, Anzhela
The article examines the theoretical, normative, and methodical aspects of the formation of banks' strategies for reducing non-performing loans, systematizes, supplements, and details the system of factors that cause non-performing loans in domestic banks. The purpose of the study is to systematize and detail the list of possible factors for the emergence of problem loans and to develop an appropriate strategy for reducing non-performing loans in domestic banks. The systematization of literary sources and approaches to solving this problem indicates the absence among scientists and experts in the banking sphere of a generally accepted system of factors for the emergence of non-performing loans in banks, which would take into account the different nature and subjects of their influence at the micro and macro levels. In addition, the study showed the need for the formation or revision of existing strategies for reducing non-performing loans, which will enable banks to be operationally ready for the settlement of particularly large volumes of non-performing loans in current realities. The urgency of solving this scientific problem lies in the fact that in the current conditions of a significant increase in the volume of non-performing loans, improving the quality of bank loan portfolios and ensuring the financial stability of the banking system as a whole is impossible without the development of a comprehensive strategy for reducing non-performing loans. The study of the problem covered in the article is carried out in the following logical sequence: identification of the factors of the occurrence of non-performing loans in banks at the micro- and macro-levels, their systematization, addition and detailing by the nature and participants of credit relations that caused their occurrence; development of the bank's strategy for reducing non-performing loans, which includes the main stages of a comprehensive action plan and appropriate measures for the settlement of problem credit debt at each of these stages. The methodological toolkit of the research was a complex of complementary methods: analysis and synthesis, cause and effect analysis – for systematization, detailing and addition to the list of internal and external factors of the occurrence of non-performing loans in banks, system-analytical, logical generalization – for the development of a strategy for reducing non-performing loans in domestic banks, etc. The object of the research is portfolios of non-performing loans of domestic banks, as well as a set of factors of their occurrence and measures to reduce them. The article presents the results of a cause-and-effect analysis, which made it possible to systematize, detail, and supplement the list of internal and external factors of the occurrence of non-performing loans in banks. The results of the system analysis and logical generalization are presented, which serve as the basis for the formation of a strategy for reducing non-performing loans in banks. The results of the research can be useful for Ukrainian banks, allowing them to minimize credit risks in the future.

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