Факультет архітектури, будівництва та енергетики
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Item type:Наукова стаття, Theoretical analysis of the microrelief of typical machine-made surfaces by SEM photogrammetry(2024) Boyarska, Inna; Homon, Sviatoslav; Kulakovskyi, Leonid; Kulakovskyi, LeonidThe article analyzes digital elevation models (DEMs) of typical mechanically formed surfaces. The theoretical issues of 3D modeling of typical "ideal" surfaces obtained, for example, by artificially growing single crystals, forming regular microrelief of materials, etc. are considered. For this purpose, the most typical stepped, spherical, cylindrical, and cubic machined microrelief surfaces were selected. The algorithms for analytical photogrammetric and digital processing of SEM stereo images are presented and illustrated by relevant examples. The results of numerical integration for different surfaces are consistent with a typical "stepped" surface.Item type:Наукова стаття, Tools and Criteria for Regional Environmental and Geological Monitoring of Open-Pit Mines (Case Of Volyn Polissya, Nw Ukraine)(2022) Vereshko, Oleh; Uzhehov, Serhii; Uzhehov, Serhii; Uzhehov, SerhiiThe article provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential environmental impact of open-pit mining of certain deposits of construction raw materials (on the example of the plain region of Volyn Polissya). Official project data on locations, areas and volumes of extraction are taken into account. The availability of tools and services for independent verification of mining development based on the analysis of remote sensing data is described separately. Examples of such analysis are given. A number of criteria for assessing the environmental impact of such developments on the geological environment are proposed, including the area and depth of development, production volumes, the presence or absence of groundwater disclosure and factors of their pollution, distances to the nearest vulnerable objects, etc. Based on this, a scoring scale was developed and applied to assess the relative risk of negative impact of mines on the environment in this region.Item type:Наукова стаття, Study of change strength and deformation properties of wood under the action of active acid environment(2023) Homon, Sviatoslav; Gomon, Petro; Gomon, Svyatoslav; Vereshko, Oleg; Boyarska, Inna; Uzhegova, OlgaExperimental studies of birch and pine wood by axial compression along the fibers under the action of active acidic environment with different soaking time were carried out. The complete deformation diagrams "stress σс - longitudinal deformation uс" of the examined wood species under such conditions were constructed. On the basis of the experiment, the actual values of ultimate strength, critical and residual (final) deformations of birch and pine wood under the action of an active acidic environment with different soaking time were determined. It was found that exposure to an acidic environment for 28 days of soaking significantly reduces the strength and increases the deformation characteristics of the studied wood samples compared to those at standard humidity. Under such conditions, the ultimate strength decreases by 42.4%; critical deformations increase by 18.5%, and residual deformations increase by 24.8%. It is also proved that the obtained mechanical characteristics depend on the soaking time with various aggressive environment and their concentration.Item type:Наукова стаття, Designing reinforced plywood panels through deformation methods(2025) Gomon, Petro; Drobyshynets, Serhii; Smal, Mariia; Dziubynska, Oksana; Uzhegova, Olga; Golyk, Yolana; Kaynts, Diana; Kutsyna, IrynaA deformation methodology for theoretical and mathematical modelling and calculation of composite-reinforced plywood panels is proposed. The stages of the stress-strain state of a reinforced bending wooden element (plywood panel) with metal reinforcement are presented. An algorithm for constructing a ‘moment-curvature’ graph of a reinforced wooden element (plywood panel) is proposed.Item type:Наукова стаття, Establishing patterns in the formation of a fire-resistant sip panel with hemp insulation(2026-02-27) Tsapko, Yuriy; Tsapko, Аleksii; Berdnyk, Oksana; Likhnyovskyi, Ruslan; Bielikova, Kseniia; Slutska, Oksana; Borysova, Anna; Lomaha, Vasyl; Uzhehova, Olha; Chaikovskiy, VitaliiThis study investigates the process that forms fire-resistant properties of SIP-panels with hemp insulation based on reactive coating and lime. The task addressed is to ensure the stability of SIP-panels and components when treated with coatings to changes in operating conditions. This is important since production from renewable sources for construction is a relevant issue. It has been proven that during thermal action on samples of hemp insulation treated with reactive coating and lime, no ignition and flame spread along the surface occurred. A layer of foam coke formed on the surface of the sample treated with reactive coating, which is 22 mm. The study has shown that when a burner is applied to a sample of SIP-panels with hemp insulation treated with reactive coating, after 110 s of thermal exposure, the process of forming a heat-insulating layer of coke began, which inhibited heat transfer. Instead, after the burner was exposed to a sample of SIP panels with hemp insulation treated with lime, a charring process occurred at the site of thermal action, but ignition and flame spread did not occur. Based on the results of determining the strength, it was found that treating the surface of hemp insulation with a coating increases the tensile strength by more than 2.5 times. Thus, increasing the amount of reactive coating on the surface of hemp insulation by half increases the tensile strength by 2.3 times. In the case of treating hemp insulation with lime, the tensile strength decreases by 3.4 times while increasing the amount of lime when treating the surface of hemp insulation to 0.38 kg/m2 increases the tensile strength by 5.3 times. Thus, there is reason to argue about the possibility to design effective and operationally stable biocomposites for construction.Item type:Наукова стаття, Study of wood deformation indicators after exposure to acidic environments(2026) Vereshko, Oleg; Boyarska, Inna; Uzhegova, Olga; Shevchuk, Pavlo; Uzhehov, Serhii; Homon, Sviatoslav; Gomon, Svyatoslav; Gomon, PetroExperimental studies were conducted on the deformation indicators of structural birch and pine wood under the influence of various acidic environments with different impregnation times. The deformation parameters of all studied wood species were determined experimentally, in particular the critical uc,0,d,agr and residual deformations uc,fin,agr. It has been established that exposure to an acidic environment increases the deformation characteristics of structural timber.. Specifically, the relative critical deformations of the studied species increased within the range of 1.12 to 1.17 times after 28 days of impregnation compared to the samples tested at the standard moisture content of 12%, and within the range of 1.14 to 1.19 times after 180 days. Residual deformations increased 1.1 to 1.25 times after 28 days of impregnation, and after 180 days, they remained practically the same. Over the following five months, the strength and deformability characteristics changed insignificantly, they stabilized. This is explained by the fact that after 28 days of impregnation, the wood is almost completely saturated with moisture and subsequently hardly absorbs any more.Item type:Наукова стаття, The influence of repeated low-cycle loads on the stress-strain state of steel-reinforced concrete drainage gutters(2026) Andriichuk, Oleksandr; Yasiuk, Ivan; Uzhegova, Olga; Uzhehov, SerhiiThe paper presents the results of experimental studies on the effect of repeated low-cycle loading on the stress–strain state of steel fiber reinforced concrete gutters. A comparison was made between the effects of single and repeated loadings. Overall, the findings demonstrate that steel fiber reinforced concrete gutters have higher resistance to cyclic loading compared to single loading, and they better withstand repeated impacts without significant material failure.Item type:Наукова стаття, Optimisation of energy solutions: Alternative energy, reactive power compensation, and energy efficiency management(2023-11-22) Bandura, Andrii; Romaniuk, Mykola; Komenda, Nataliya; Hadai, Andrii; Volynets, VladyslavThe relevance of the problem under study is determined by the need to create a sustainable, efficient and environmentally safe energy complex. The growth of the world population, industrial development, and overall energy demand endanger the provision of society’s energy needs, making the need for research urgent at the present time. The purpose of the study is to examine optimal energy optimisation strategies, including alternative energy, compensation of reactive power, and energy efficiency management, to ensure the stable and efficient functioning of the energy complex. Among the methods used, analytical, classification, functional, statistical, and synthesis methods were applied. In investigating the optimisation of energy solutions, a thorough analysis of various aspects of alternative energy, reactive power compensation, and energy efficiency management was conducted. This analysis encompassed various aspects and parameters related to these areas, including technical, economic, and environmental indicators. As a result of the study, it was established that alternative energy has significant potential for ensuring sustainable development of the energy system. It can serve as a reliable source of energy that does not harm the environment and is not dependent on limited resources. In addition, reactive power compensation was recognised as an effective way to avoid energy losses in the system. This strategy helps to ensure more efficient energy use and reduce losses during transmission and distribution. Energy efficiency management also proved to be a key aspect in achieving energy supply sustainability. This allows optimising resource utilisation, reducing energy costs, and mitigating the negative impact on the environment. The practical value of the study lies in the development of innovative recommendations and strategies for energy optimisation, which will contribute to the creation of a stable, efficient, and environmentally safe energy complex and enhance its compliance with current and future challenges, making a considerable contribution to the development of science and the energy sector.Item type:Наукова стаття, Modelling the optimal switching scheme of the Ukrainian power grid during blackout (Volyn region)(2024-05-29) Hrytsiuk, Iryna; Volynets, Vladyslav; Komenda, Nataliya; Hrytsiuk, Iryna; Hadai, AndriiThe relevance of the study, in particular, in the Volyn region, is due to the need to ensure the reliability and efficiency of the energy infrastructure in the face of growing challenges associated with the war between Russia and Ukraine, technological development and ensuring the country’s energy security. The purpose of the study is to develop a model of the optimal switching scheme for the Volyn region’s power grids during blackout to minimize the negative consequences and ensure priority power supply to critical facilities. The methods used include mathematical modelling, simulation, optimization, sensitivity analysis, and others. The study optimized the power grid switching scheme under the risk of war and other crisis situations, including a thorough analysis of various options in the event of a blackout. Taking into account additional aspects of grid safety and reliability, the optimal routes for power transmission, placement of backup power sources were identified and effective algorithms for grid management were developed. By optimizing the grid switching scheme, the damage caused by blackouts can be minimized, and power supply can be restored quickly. The results confirmed that an optimal switching scheme can significantly reduce blackout time and its impact on the economy and the lives of the population. The development of optimal switching schemes for power grids is an important step towards increasing the resilience of Ukraine’s electricity system to crisis situations. The study has highlighted the importance of developing such models to ensure energy security and resilience of the power grid under the threat of blackouts, which affects the practical aspects of power supply management and economic development. The practical significance of the study is to improve strategies for managing the power grid in blackout conditions, contributing to the resilience of energy systems and economic development.Item type:Наукова стаття, Prospects for the integration of distributed energy sources into the Ukrainian power grid(2025-02-27) Hrytsiuk, Iryna; Volynets, Vladyslav; Hrytsiuk, Yurii; Bandura, Irina; Komenda, NataliyaThe integration of distributed energy sources (DES) into the Ukrainian power grid is a critical aspect of modern energy development aimed at increasing the efficiency of the power system, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and improving the country’s energy security. The purpose of this overview and analysis study was to identify the technical and automation aspects of DES integration, as well as to determine the prospects and challenges associated with their adaptation to centralised grids. The study discussed the principal technical challenges arising from the integration of solar, wind, bioenergy, and other DES into the Ukrainian power grid. Particular attention was paid to the issues of stability and quality of electricity supply, the need to modernise the grid infrastructure, and the use of inverter technologies, energy storage systems (ESS), and hybrid microgrids. The study analysed modern methods of automation and control of distributed generation using Smart Grid, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), and Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS) technologies, which help to optimise the operation of the power system, increase its reliability and flexibility under variable load conditions. The study considered adaptive control algorithms, mathematical forecasting models, and neural network algorithms that enable prompt adjustment of equipment operating modes, ensuring the stability of the system. It was found that the introduction of inverter systems, SPPs, and hybrid microgrids can re solutions that include the use of renewable energy sources, DERMS, and smart management. The recommendations included infrastructure modernisation, development of hybrid ESSs, and implementation of integrated digital monitoring and control systems. The practical value of this study lies in the development of approaches to the effective integration of DES into local power systems, which can be used in the design and implementation of microgrids in Ukraine.