Запобігання злочинам у сфері транспорту через вдосконалення містобудівного планування

Abstract

The article investigates the relationship between urban planning features and the crime level in Ukraine's transport sector. The research results showed that despite the development of technical security means and strengthened law enforcement control, the effectiveness of crime prevention remains insufficient. In this regard, the necessity of a systematic approach is substantiated, which includes architectural and planning solutions as an integral element of a preventive strategy. Based on the analysis of international experience and adaptation of the "Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design" concept to Ukrainian realities, the authors reveal the potential of urban planning tools in forming a safe transport environment. It is important to note that special attention is paid to lighting transport hubs, organizing pedestrian flows, visual surveillance, and creating open spaces that promote natural supervision. The authors analyze the legislative support for integrating security principles into urban planning and identify gaps in the regulatory framework. Additionally, the paper presents the results of sociological research on the perception of transport infrastructure safety by different population groups, allowing for consideration of the needs of the most vulnerable categories of transport users. It was found that the authors proposed a model for assessing transport infrastructure's safety, including quantitative and qualitative indicators. Thus, using several Ukrainian cities as examples, the possibilities of applying the developed recommendations are demonstrated, and the potential socio-economic effect of their implementation is calculated. On the other hand, the article contains specific proposals for improving state building codes, mechanisms of public control, and stimulating private investment in secure infrastructure. At the same time, the research materials can be used in developing urban planning documentation, improving educational programs for training specialists in urban planning and transport planning, and forming strategies for the sustainable development of settlements in Ukraine. However, it should be taken into account that the effectiveness of the proposed measures depends on a comprehensive approach to their implementation.