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The Ecosystem Approach to Guaranteeing the Constitutional Human Right to a Safe Environment
(2024) Zemko, Alla
The article aims to analyse the ecosystem approach, which should ensure the constitutional human right to a safe environment. The research methodology was based on the use of econometric, comparison, and graphical methods. Analysing the legal instruments, the study identified ways of harmonising the ecosystem approach with the existing legal framework and policy to improve environmental protection. The need for joint efforts between the state, industry, and local communities to find common positions and the importance of strong institutional capacity, public administration, and law enforcement mechanisms was demonstrated based on data from 37 European countries and Ukraine. It is emphasised that it is possible to achieve a balanced prospect between economic development and environmental protection. The academic novelty of this research is an interdisciplinary approach, a new application of the ecosystem approach to human rights, a detailed analysis of challenges and solutions, and global and local prospects. Prospects for further research are the expansion of the analysis database to the level of world regions to obtain generalised results regarding the provision of the constitutional human right to a safe environment.
Legal regulation of environmental protection and climate change mitigation to ensure sustainable economic development
(2024) Zemko, Alla
In view of the globalisation of sustainable development and environmental protection, the optimization of the legal regulation mechanism in the field of environmental protection, based on the principles of public administration and the priority of greening all spheres of life, is an urgent issue nowadays. The purpose of the academic paper is to analyse the issues of legal regulation of Ukraine’s “green” course development, to highlight the major trends and to identify promising areas for optimizing legal regulation in the area under study. It has been proven that the conceptual fundamentals of the administrative and legal mechanism for achieving the goals of sustainable environmental development are positioned in the functionality of elaboration and practical implementation of regulations on environmental issues on the basis of publicity of publicity and transparency, accompanied by the intensification of digitalization processes. The practical role of the research results is seen in the possibility of their use as recommendations for optimizing the legal support of Ukraine’s environmental policy in terms of adaptation of Ukraine’s national legislation to the European Green Deal.
Institutional evolution of international human rights protection mechanisms in the context of increasing global instability
(2026) Visyn, Valentyn; Anishchuk, Igor; Zemko, Alla; Hanych, Olga; Pundor, Yuliia
The article examines the institutional evolution of international human rights protection mechanisms in the context of increasing global instability. It is substantiated that the international human rights regime has evolved from predominantly declarative legal norms to a complex multilevel institutional system that integrates universal, regional, and national mechanisms for the protection of human rights. The effectiveness of international human rights institutions is determined by the institutional capacity to ensure their implementation. The findings indicate the need to strengthen coordination among different levels of the international human rights protection system and to enhance its adaptability to emerging global risks.

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