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Physical culture of the Moustierian archaeological era
(2024) Lazorenko, Serhii; Chckailo, Mykola; Buhrii, Stanislav; Dmytruk, Vitalii; Faidevych, Volodymyr
Archaeologists date the Mousterian era to the historical period of 80-32 thousand years BC. It was at this time that the vast expanses of the Eurasian continent were explored by the extinct genetic branch of Homo - the Neanderthals. For a long time, the latter were considered to be the predecessors of modern homo sapiens, but new genetic data suggest that representatives of both species coexisted and shared common territories in Europe and Asia. The age of the classical Neanderthal is 80-30 thousand years BC, and the brain volume ranged from 1350-1700 cm3. This feature leaves no doubt that Neanderthals were a cognitive society, but it should not be taken to mean that they were smarter than modern humans. The intellectual potential and reflexive capabilities of Neanderthals allowed them, in this historical period, to perfectly adapt to life in the temperate climate zone, where there were cold and warm seasons throughout the year, geological and natural disasters, intra- and interspecies competition (clashes with representatives of the first people who immigrated from the African continent), etc. To have existed on planet Earth for 200,000 years, to have “written” their history, and to have left behind more questions than answers. What was the reason for the end of their evolutionary path; whether “cavemen”, as Neanderthals are sometimes called, could create stable foundations of their own civilization and culture; whether two species of Homo interbred with each other - this is not the whole list of questions that confuse the minds of modern scientists. Therefore, in this article, based on the analysis of the data of modern official science, we will try to prove that the community of classical Neanderthals, which during the Early and Middle Paleolithic created stable special aspects of its civilization: socio-political organization, economy and culture, common spiritual values and ideals, mentality (worldview) and morality. If material and non-material artifacts confirm this prognostic and theoretical idea, we can confidently state that physical culture could have originated in the bowels of the Mustier civilization.
Structural typology of redundancy in English
(2020-06) Litkovych, Yuliia; Smal, Oksana; Yanovets, Anzhelika
This article focuses on the study of structural types of redundant phrases in English. The paper offers a definition of redundancy and examines types of redundancy from their structural perspective. The research outlines specific usage of redundant phrases in modern English. It has been shown that functional redundancies create emotional tension and are used to intensify or clarify information.
Social Issues Of Modernity And Their Impact On Socio-Psychological Health In The Community
(2024) Cherneta, Svitlana; Zhuk, Oksana; Savchuk, Nadiia; Babii, Mykola; Bielkina-Kovalchuk, Olena
Abstract: In today's dynamic world, the issue of psychological well-being becomes highly relevant, as it directly affects the life quality of individuals and the effectiveness of their interaction with the social environment. Rapid social changes, economic instability, and globalization processes create additional challenges for mental health. They emphasize the importance of an adequate societal response to these challenges. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the factors affecting mental health, including the role of socio-economic inequality, educational level, social support, and spirituality. It has been found that higher income inequality correlates with a higher proportion of mental illnesses. At the same time, an increase in education contributes to psychological resilience. The importance of social ties and spiritual practices proved to be essential, especially in the context of their ability to reduce stress and increase emotional well-being. The research findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to mental health support, including consideration of socio-economic, educational, and cultural factors. The authors recommend expanding the social support network and taking into account individual spiritual needs in psychotherapy and health care. Further research directions include studying the impact of globalization on psychological well-being and developing culturally sensitive methods of psychological support. This article contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex interrelationships that shape psychological well-being and provides practical recommendations for supporting mental health in a broader societal context. Based on the limitations this study identified, further research should focus on a detailed analysis of individual adaptation and resilience strategies in the context of social and economic changes.

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