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Systems of goods geographical indications: EU and Ukraine experience
(Lutsk : LNTU, 2024-06) Peredriy, Oksana; Pakholiuk, Olena; Golodyuk, Galina
Goods with geographical indication are an important component of the world economy, they have an impact on social and cultural development, help to preserve natural and cultural resources of the regions, therefore their investigation is relevant. The purpose of the study is to compare the systems of goods with geographical indications in the EU and Ukraine, to determine the dynamics of formation and advantages of this system functioning in Ukraine. An analysis of the literature on geographical indications in various fields is carried out; the regulatory framework that regulates geographical indications in specific countries and regions; the effectiveness of legal mechanisms for geographical indications protection, economic consequences of using geographical indication for regional markets is examined. It was proved that geographical indication introduction has advantages: it allows to determine the place of commodity production, to ensure its quality and uniqueness; contributes to the development and support of local economies, traditional industries; protects and supports traditional methods of production, recipes and other aspects of cultural heritage related to a certain region; provides consumers with an additional level of trust in the product. These aspects contribute to the development of international trade, create conditions for fair competition, promote innovation and protect the interests of producers and consumers. Studies show that producers with geographical indications can experience a positive impact on their markets due to the increased value of their goods. It is noted that geographical indication introduction can contribute to preserving and supporting traditional methods of production and cultural heritage. Analysis of registration practice and protection of geographical indications in different countries allows to identify shortcomings and opportunities for improving legislation and processes. Research indicates that consumers find the products with geographical indications more attractive and trust them because of associations with a specific region. Studying the international aspect of geographical indication allows you to understand how the use of this tool affects international trade and economic relations. The research results contribute to the development of recommendations for policies, improvement of the рractice of geographical indications registration and protection, as well as to the expansion of understanding the importance of this tool for the development of various industries and regions.
Impact of war and geopolitical factors on foreign trade
(Kyiv, 2025-08) Peredriy, Oksana; Pakholiuk, Olena; Dziubynskyi, Andrii; Shehynsky, Oleg; Rechun, Oksana; Shehynskyi, Volodymyr
In the context of the current geopolitical transformations caused by the war in Ukraine, world trade is undergoing significant changes that emphasize the need to analyze the new geoeconomic reality. The war in Ukraine has become a catalyst for the restructuring of global trade chains, intensifying de-globalization processes that are shaping a sustainable preference for political loyalty over economic efficiency. The purpose of the article is to analyze the impact of the war in Ukraine and geopolitical factors on the dynamics of world foreign trade in 2016-2024, with a focus on structural changes in Ukraine's trade flows. The study applies an econometric panel regression model to estimate trade turnover, exports, imports, and their percentage changes, taking into account commodity prices, macroeconomic conditions, exchange rate, and time effects. The econometric model found that the war-induced rise in commodity prices significantly increased the turnover of commodity groups, particularly mineral products. Hryvnia devaluation stimulated exports, while global GDP growth had a weaker effect. Fuel and energy products showed low growth due to import restrictions. The model confirmed a high explanatory power (R² > 0.8) for trade turnover and emphasized the vulnerability of trade to geopolitical shocks that could hinder the recovery in 2024. Further research should focus on analyzing the long-term effects of the war and sanctions, including detailed data on logistical constraints and sanctions pressure, and assessing the impact of trade agreements with the EU on Ukrainian exports. Expanding the model to analyze trade in services and regional blocs will help develop strategies for adapting to the new geopolitical reality

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