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Innovative mechanisms for regulating the social welfare of refugees: demographic collapse or sustainable development
(Barcelona, 2025-02-28) Kuzmаk, Oleh; Polinkevych, Oksana; Kuzmak, Olena; Kamiński, Ryszard
The economy of Ukraine during the period of war experienced significant losses not only economic but also social, environmental, and informational. As a result, difficulties arise, and an imbalance is formed in the development of its structural elements. Due to the sharp increase in the outflow of human resources from Ukraine, it is on the brink of demographic collapse, which may lead to the disruption of development processes. Before the war, there was a significant population decline in Ukraine, and migration exacerbated the demographic crisis by more than 9 million people. Considering the fact that only 10% of refugees return to the country, such a situation has a destructive impact on achieving sustainable development goals. One of the tools that would contribute to achieving sustainable development goals through establishing constructive dialogue between business, government, education, and society is the construction of innovative mechanisms for regulating the social welfare of refugees. They are capable of ensuring the recovery of Ukraine’s economy, preventing demographic collapse, and ensuring the sustainable development of society. The purpose of the research is to develop mechanisms for regulating the social welfare of refugees on innovative principles. The research tasks include assessing the demographic situation in Ukraine, analyzing the level of migration before and after the war, studying the level of social welfare, determining the components of innovative mechanisms for regulating business social welfare, and the stages of their implementation. Based on this, conclusions are drawn that Ukraine has exhausted the potential for demographic growth, with a low share of the working-age population, high mortality among adults, significant migration flows, uneven population distribution across the country, and a worsening environmental situation. With the deepening of these processes, the Ukrainian economy faces demographic collapse rather than achieving sustainable development goals. One of the ways to prevent demographic collapse is to develop measures that would increase the level of social welfare. It is proposed that innovative mechanisms be used to regulate the social welfare of refugees. They rely on innovations in business, regulatory, administrative, social, and informational mechanisms for regulating social welfare. Seven stages of implementing innovative mechanisms have been identified, based on choosing the optimal strategy for improving the welfare of refugees in terms of labor, non-material, material, natural, and informational resources.
Digital Transformation to the Efficiency and Sustainability of Cities
(Springer, Cham, 2025-02-25) Kuzmаk, Oleh; Kuzmak, Olena; Stepura, Tetiana; Lorvi, Iryna
The article discusses the importance of digital transformation in achieving increased efficiency and sustainability of cities in the modern world. The main objective of the work is to explore the potential of digital transformation, assess the institutional prerequisites for its development, the concept of smart cities, trends, challenges, and vectors of digital transformation development, and its impact on enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of cities. The relevance of addressing the stated problem lies in the fact that urban population growth, changes in the economy, technological progress, and environmental issues pose complex challenges for cities, and digital technologies can provide solutions for managing transportation, energy supply, waste management, and improving access to information and services for residents. This publication highlights key aspects of transformative changes and digital integration processes, the role of information and communication technologies in public life. An attempt has been made to provide a systematic exposition of the main advantages of using information and communication technologies as a tool for shaping a smart society, implementing the concept of a smart city, and democratic state development. It is found that the main challenges on the path of digital transformation include the lack of a unified approach at the state and local levels, unsatisfactory development of digital infrastructure, inadequate level of automation and digitization of government services, lack of digital literacy among the population and local government officials, and the presence of digital «Inequality» among the population. The research concludes that the use of advanced digital technologies can be a key tool in achieving the strategic development goals of cities, particularly in the context of Sustainable Development Goals.

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