Optimization of the Occupational Safety Management System at Enterprises Using Potentially Hazardous Technologies

Abstract

Problem statement. Modern enterprises that use potentially hazardous technologies operate in conditions of increased production risks associated with the operation of complex machinery and equipment, the handling of explosive and flammable substances, and the performance of high-risk work. Traditional occupational health and safety management systems, based mainly on a reactive approach, do not provide adequate effectiveness. This necessitates a transition to a risk-based approach, which involves identifying, assessing and minimising risks at the planning and organisation stage of production processes. Improvements to occupational health and safety management systems should be aimed at preventing occupational injuries and diseases, fostering a culture of safety at work, and creating a sustainable risk management mechanism. The purpose of the article is justification of approaches to optimising occupational health and safety management systems at enterprises that use potentially hazardous technologies, taking into account the principles of risk-based management. Particular attention is paid to the issues of creating safe working conditions during the performance of high-risk work, developing practical mechanisms for reducing production risks and improving the effectiveness of the occupational safety management system. Conclusions. It has been established that when developing occupational health and safety management systems, it is necessary to take into account a set of key components, among which comprehensive and continuous risk and hazard assessment, as well as effective interaction between the components of the ‘human-machine’ system, both with each other and with the production environment, are of paramount importance. An important element is the organisation of systematic training of personnel and officials in methods of safe work using computer-integrated technologies in combination with automated control of the microclimate parameters of the working environment. Additional attention should be paid to measures for regular medical examinations of employees and monitoring of their physiological condition, as well as minimising risks associated with the technical condition of machines and mechanisms through inspections, certifications and expert assessments. An important aspect is the supervision of racking structures throughout their entire service life and the integration of training materials with data collection terminals and video terminals.