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Human Development Across the Lifespan: Psychological Perspectives on Physical, Social and Cognitive Growth
(Nebraska : IJRDO, 2025-04) Bykova, Svitlana; Koshyrets, Viktor; Zhuk, Oksana; Babii, Mykola; Redko, Serhii
Background: The article analyses the psychological aspects of human development across different life stages, from childhood to old age. The changes that occur during maturation and ageing are examined at biological, psychological, and social levels. It is important to maintain a clear and logical structure when discussing such complex topics. Methods: The literature data was studied and analysed using theoretical research methods. The inductive method was employed to systematize the data obtained, and the deductive method was performed to generalize them. Results: During ontogenesis, individuals develop not only as organisms but also as personalities and conscious social beings. Therefore, it is necessary to consider their psychological development in various spheres, including physical, cognitive, and social aspects. Physical development is determined by changes in organ sizes, body shape, brain structure, sensory capabilities, and motor skills. Cognitive development encompasses all mental abilities and psychological processes, including the specific organization of thinking. Social development is characterized by a combination of personality traits and social skills. It is important to note that this development occurs simultaneously and interdependently in all three spheres. Conclusion: In the psychological development of individuals, various stages are distinguished. The sequence of these stages is predictable and irreversible. Although individual variations in the course of these periods are possible, they are characterized by certain regularities and psychological peculiarities. Knowledge of these regularities and peculiarities can contribute to the harmonious development of individuals and ensure their psychological well-being throughout life.
Modern Concepts And Theories of State Management of the System of Social Work
(Rio de Janeiro, 2023-03-16) Zhuk, Oksana; Malynovskyi, Valentyn; Silvestrova, Oksana; Haponchuk, Olena
An analysis of valid theories and conceptual approaches of state management was conducted in modern concepts in order to determine positive and negative aspects and their influence on society based on various criteria. The purpose of the academic paper is to consider the definition of various management concepts and theories, to analyze the degree of adequacy of applying state governance in the system of social work. The following methods were used in the course of the research: analysis, synthesis, generalization, explanation and qualification of data. The primary sources for comprehending the present research are the fundamental concepts of management in the works of such foreign researchers as E. Downey, A. Etzioni, D. Easton, G. Laswell, O. Morgenstern, G. Simon, C. Lindblom, J. March, etc. The academic paper provides a generalized description of various schools of governance that have developed over the past century. Several new models-approaches to managing social development have been studied. It has been proved that the modern state management of the system of social work is developing as a state and public governance involving civil society based on social partnership. The degree of adequacy of modern theories and concepts for applying in managing thesystem of social work by the state is analyzed. The research author has proposed a transitive theory of state management of the system of social work.

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